Checks whether a valid checkpoint exists that can be resumed. A run can be resumed if:
Both run_manifest.json and latest.json exist
latest.json points to a valid checkpoint_id
The referenced checkpoint can be read and validated
Details
This is a cheap existence/validity probe: the checkpoint is validated
(checksums, ledger, shard integrity) with load_outcomes = FALSE, so the
full outcome history is never deserialized here. Callers that need the
outcomes use load_for_resume() instead.